Related studies

The supply and use of 0.50%-sulphur marine fuel
In October 2016, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) confirmed a global limit for sulphur in fuel oil used on board ships of 0.50% m/m (mass by mass) to become effective on 1 January 2...
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Sulphur 2020: What’s your plan?
Guidance for shipowners and operators on MARPOL Annex VI Sulphur Regulation....
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Marine Fuels 2020 Assessment 2018 Update – EnSys and Navigistics
This 2018 Update Report provides analysis, updates and projections, commentary and assessment by EnSys and Navigistics across a range of topics pertinent to the impacts of the MARPOL Annex VI Sulphur...
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IMO 2020 Sulphur cap: oil refiners step up to the plate
This research shows that shippers mostly cannot afford the investments to reduce their sulphur emissions even though they want to reduce their Sulphur Shadow; most consumers are not willing to pay the...
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Supplemental Marine Fuel Availability Study – EnSys and Navigistics Consulting
EnSys Energy and Navigistics Consulting submitted a Supplemental Marine Fuel Availability Study to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in the lead up to the Global Sulphur Cap decision duri...
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CE Delft Assessment of Fuel Oil Availability – Final Report
MARPOL Annex VI requires all ships to use fuels with a sulphur content of 0.50% m/m from 1 January 2020 onwards (in Emission Control Areas, other limits apply). The implementation date is subject to a...
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IEA Market Report Series: Oil 2018: Analysis and Forecasts to 2023
The IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil, gas and coal supply and demand, renewable energy technologies, electricity markets, energy efficiency, access to energy, demand side...
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IEA Market Report Series: Oil 2017: Analysis and Forecasts to 2022
The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974. Its primary mandate was – and is – two-fold: to promote energy security amongst its member countries...
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